Answer to Question 1
Answer: Cultures may develop in ways that encourage collectivism based on factors such as mobility, ecology, affluence, etc. For centuries China has been a very crowded country in which people had to live in close proximity and group cooperation was necessary for survival. It was also primarily rural and so a very high percentage of the population performed the same work and therefore held many of the same values and ways of viewing the world. The vast majority of the population was relatively poor and a coherent, conforming family unit was important for survival.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: Central