Answer to Question 1
1 . Initial contact takes place as a result of a police action.
2 . Investigation: police may investigate to gather sufficient facts, or evidence, to identify the perpetrator, justify an arrest, and bring the offender to trial; this may take from a few minutes to years.
3 . Arrest: An arrest occurs when the police take a person into custody for allegedly committing a criminal act; police must have probable cause that a crime was committed and that the suspect committed the crime; the officer deprives the individual of freedom and the suspect believes he or she cannot leave voluntarily.
4 . Custody: The suspect may be booked, be part of a line-up and/or interrogated.
5 . Complaint/charging: the prosecutor decides whether to file a complaint, information, or bill of indictment; complaints are used in misdemeanors, information and indictment are employed in felonies. Each is a charging document asking the court to bring a case forward to be tried.
6 . Preliminary hearing/grand jury: Either a grand jury (indictment) or an impartial lower-court judge (information) must determine whether there is probable cause to bring the case to trial.
7 . An arraignment brings the accused before the court that will actually try the case; formal charges are read, and defendants are informed of their constitutional rights (such as the right to legal counsel); bail is considered, and a trial date is set.
8 . Bail or detention: Bail is a money bond, the amount of which is set by judicial authority; it is intended to ensure the presence of suspects at trial while allowing them their freedom until that time. Suspects who cannot afford bail or whose cases are so serious that a judge refuses them bail (usually restricted to capital cases) must remain in detention until trial.
9 . Plea bargaining: The prosecutor meets with the defendant and his or her attorney; if plea bargaining is successful, the accused pleads guilty as charged, thus ending the criminal trial process; in return for the plea, the prosecutor may reduce charges, request a lenient sentence, or grant the defendant some other consideration.
10 . Trial/adjudication: Full-scale inquiry into the facts of the case before a judge, a jury, or both.
11 . Disposition/sentencing: involves a fine, a term of community supervision (probation), a period of incarceration in a penal institution, or some combination of these penalties.
12 . Postconviction remedies/appeal.
13 . Correctional treatment: Those sentenced may serve a term of community supervision under control of the county probation department; a term in a community correctional center, or incarceration in a large penal institution.
14 . Release: at the end of the correctional sentence, most inmates are granted parole.
15 . Postrelease/aftercare: Offenders are provided resources to reenter the community; successful completion of the postrelease period marks the end of the criminal justice process.
Answer to Question 2
a
The Primate order displays a diversity of ways of moving around.
A Simple Model of the Learning Process
Sitting up allows an infant to reach and grasp with one hand, but the process by which reaching ...
The official “Do Not Use” list as issued by The Joint Commission.
List transformations and Create a table of values for the following log function:
the list provided