Answer to Question 1
Answer: key points to be made
Specific applies to person who committed offense
General or societal applies to any potential offender who sees punishment enforced
General involves learning certainty of sanctions, absence of benefit
Both are only justification for punishment according to Classical theory
Answer to Question 2
Answer: key points to be made
Focus on whether harsher sentences reduce crime
Tests of celerity with Speedy Trial Laws
Research on drug and DWI measures as well as death penalty
Some researchers try to distinguish between formal & informal social control and sanctions