There is a correlation of .445 between the percentage of families below the poverty line and the percentage of families headed by unmarried females. Suppose a researchers believes this correlation is the caused by the fact that marriages which face economic hardships are more likely to end in divorce, thereby producing more female-headed households. The researcher in this example would say that _____________ is the independent variable.
a. the percentage of families below the poverty line; the percentage of female-headed families
b. the percentage of female-headed families; the percentage of families below the poverty line
c. the female employment rate; the percentage of female-headed families
d. either a or b above
Question 2
There is a correlation of .445 between the percentage of families below the poverty line and the percentage of families headed by unmarried females. Suppose a researchers believes this correlation is the caused by discrimination against women which reduces their family income. The researcher in this example would say that _____________ is the independent variable and _______________ is the dependent variable.
a. the percentage of families below the poverty line; the percentage of female-headed families
b. the percentage of female-headed families; the percentage of families below the poverty line
c. the female employment rate; the percentage of female-headed families
d. either a or b above
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Lod Score Values for the Families in Figure 5.15
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