Author Question: Give reasons for the following safety rules. (a) Contact lenses should not be worn in the ... (Read 96 times)

codyclark · **on:** Aug 23, 2018

Give reasons for the following safety rules.
(a) Contact lenses should not be worn in the laboratory.
(b) A chemical spill on the skin should be washed off with water, not with solvent.
(c) Solvents are not to be poured down the sink.
(d) Water should not be used to extinguish laboratory fires.
(e) To dilute concentrated sulfuric acid, we pour it onto ice instead of simply mixing it with
water.
(f) Broken glassware should be picked up immediately and put in the designated container.
(g) Closed-toe shoes should be worn to laboratory.

Question 2

Consider the following reaction:

a)
Predict the major product of the reaction.

b)
If steps 2 and 3 were reversed, what effect would this have on the major product?

Question 3

Predict the major product of the following reaction:

Question 4

Instructions: Consider the reaction below to answer the following question(s).

Refer to instructions. Draw the structure of product D.

Question 5

Instructions: Consider the reaction below to answer the following question(s).

Refer to instructions. This reaction proceeds _____________ (faster or slower) than benzene.

Question 6

Instructions: Consider the reaction below to answer the following question(s).

Refer to instructions. The Lewis acid catalyst in the reaction is indicated by letter _____.

Question 7

Instructions: Consider the reaction below to answer the following question(s).

Refer to instructions. The nucleophile in the reaction is indicated by letter _____.

Question 8

Consider the following compound:

a)
Provide the correct IUPAC name for the compound.

b)
Draw and name the other isomeric nitrotoluenes.

Question 9

Draw the major product of the following reaction:

Question 10

Place the following in order of reactivity towards electrophilic aromatic substitution.

a.
I > II > III > IV

b.
I > II > IV > III

c.
II > I > III > IV

d.
II > I > IV > III

ecabral0 · **Reply #1 on:** Aug 23, 2018

Answer to Question 1

(a) Contact lenses can trap chemicals. They may require time to be removed when the eye
must be washed. In addition, soft contacts can actually absorb chemicals from the atmosphere in the laboratory and damage the eye.
(b) A solvent may carry the chemical through the barrier of the skin into the systemthat is,
cause dermal absorption that would not have taken place otherwise.
(c) Solvent fumes in a drainage trough are a fire hazard.
(d) Most organic compounds float on water; therefore, water will cause the fire to speread.
Some chemicals, such as sodium metal and metal hydrides, react explosively with water.
(e) When concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed with water, sufficient heat is generated that the
acid-water mixture will boil and splatter. The ice cools the mixture sufficiently that this
does not occur.
(f) Broken glassware is a hazard which must be removed immediately because another lab
occupant may not notice it and inadvertantly cut themselves on it.
(g) Closed-toe shoes protect the feet from both chemical spills and broken glassware.

Answer to Question 2

a)

b)
Rather than meta disubstitution, o/p-disubstitution would occur with the para product being the major one due to steric hindrance.

major
minor

Answer to Question 3

Answer to Question 4

Answer to Question 5

slower

Answer to Question 6

c

Answer to Question 7

a

Answer to Question 8

a)
m-nitrotoluene or 1-methyl-3-nitrobenzene

b)
p-nitrotoluene
o-nitrotoluene

1,4-nitrotoluene
1,2-nitrotoluene

Answer to Question 9