The doctrine of double effect in military planning requires
a. jus ad bellum and jus in bello. c. proportionality and destruction.
b. discrimination and proportionality. d. discrimination and destruction.
Question 2
In his famous concurring opinion to Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co v. Sawyer (343 US 579), Justice Robert Jackson established a three-tiered hierarchy of legitimate presidential actions. Which of these is known as the zone of twilight?
a. When the president acts pursuant to congressional authorization
b. When the president acts against the express or implied will of Congress
c. When the president acts without either a congressional grant or denial of authority
d. When the president acts pursuant to an official grant of authority by Congress but against its implied will