According to Art, what does the 1914 war between England and Germany demonstrate about economic interdependence and ideological conflict as determinants for war?
a. that armed conflict is almost certain when the dominant and rising powers lack strong economic ties and have ideological conflicts
b. that neither economic interdependence nor ideological competition is a good predictor of whether a dominant and rising power will go to war or remain at peace
c. that the absence of both economic interdependence and ideological similarity is a strong predictor of whether a dominant and rising power will go to war or remain at peace
d. that ideological conflict, but not the lack of economic interdependence, is a good predictor of whether a dominant and rising power will go to war or remain at peace
e. that the lack of economic interdependence, but not ideological conflict, is a good predictor of whether a dominant and rising power will go to war or remain at peace
Question 2
Which of the following would be considered a realist explanation for peace between democracies?
a. Democracies trade with each other, so war would be too costly.
b. Democracies share a common norm of peaceful dispute resolution.
c. Democratic leaders are institutionally constrained by their populations from fighting other democracies.
d. American hegemony has solved the security dilemma for other members of the pluralistic security community.
e. Those with economic power wield the greatest political power, enabling them to minimize conflict.
The Kuznets Curve in England and Wales, 1823–1915
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