Answer to Question 1
Brain research has shown that regular viewing of television violence is related to attention problems, aggressive behavior, acceptance of violence as a problem solving tool, and as a regular part of life. It is also associated with an unrealistically heightened fear of violence to oneself.
Answer to Question 2
In a traditional approach, word attack and comprehension are taught in isolation. The skills may or may not be practiced in a real text. Children are expected to put the isolated skills together in order to read.
A holistic approach assumes that children are developing literacy since the moment of birth, no single approach to literacy is the right one, caregivers and parents are important participants in childrens literacy development, and reading is a tool for making sense of the world. A holistic approach is characterized as one which uses whole texts, includes ample examples of good literature, is child-centered, and sees parent and caregiver involvement as very important. In a holistic approach, skills and strategies are taught in real pieces of text, usually childrens literature. Children learn the skills in combination and in texts in which they are to be applied.
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