![](data:image/png;base64, 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)
Figure 5. The equation for the output is
VOUT ![](data:image/png;base64, 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)
—(0.025 V)1n
![](data:image/png;base64, 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)
Refer to Figure 5. To change this to an antilog amplifier,
◦ reverse the inputs on the op-amp
◦ reverse the diode (anode and cathode) and reduce the value of
R1◦ exchange the diode and
R1◦ reverse the diode (anode and cathode)