As many as one in seven Africans died en route to the Americas. ...

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Question 1

The Columbian Exchange introduced new plants, animals, and microbes to people on both sides of the Atlantic.
 
  Assess the positive and negative consequences of that exchange. In your opinion, who benefited mostthose living on the western side of the Atlantic or those on the eastern side?
  What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

You are a Catholic priest living in England in the 1540s and 1550s. How do you respond to the attacks on the Church that have been made by Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII?
 
  What will be an ideal response?

Question 3

You are a Spanish explorer in 1500 and your brother sails for Portugal. Describe what voyages of exploration you both might plan for that year.
 
  What will be an ideal response?

Question 4

As many as one in seven Africans died en route to the Americas.
 
  Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

[frre432]

Answer 1

Answer: Europeans introduced grains, including wheat and rye and fruit (for example, peaches and citrus) that became part of native people's diets. They also brought with them cattle and hogs that provided new sources of meat, but whose eating habits proved detrimental to native grasses. Worse, Europeans carried with them diseases for which native people lacked immunity. Europeans brought back to Europe a few animals, such as turkeys and guinea pigs. More importantly, they began to grow maize and potatoes, crops that did very well in the European climate.

Answer 2

Answer: A Catholic priest might emphasize the importance of the sacraments and the Church hierarchy in helping an individual live correctly and gaining heavenly salvation. The priest would denounce the teachings of Luther and Calvin for undermining Church authority and effectiveness. The priest would perhaps brand Henry VIII as a heretic who acted upon selfish political and economic rather than religious motives. The priest would later support the ill-fated attempts of Mary to restore the Catholic Church in England.

Answer 3

Answer: Although there were doubts by 1500 that Columbus had actually reached Asia by sailing west, the Spanish felt that such a westward route existed and that any new lands along the way were certainly worthy of further exploration. By 1500, the Portuguese had captured control of the African gold trade and had sailed around the southern tip of Africa on an eastern path to the Orient. According to a line of demarcation drawn by the pope in 1493 and redrawn in the Treaty of Tordesillas the following year, Portugal confined its exploration to the east and Spain to the west.

Answer 4

Answer: TRUE

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