In a simple two-country, two-good world, if the two countries, A and B, can produce the following amounts of the two goods, X and Y, for a given amount of resources:
| Good X | Good Y |
Country A | 15 | 10 |
Country B | 30 | 20 |
Assuming there are no transport costs in trade.
◦ Country B has an absolute advantage in good X and will export good X to country A.
◦ Country B has a comparative advantage in both goods and will export both goods to country A.
◦ Country B has a comparative advantage in both goods, but no trade will take place.
◦ Neither country has a comparative advantage in either good and there are no economic gains from trading.