Answer to Question 1
Legal terminology differs by state, but child custody involves two issues. (1) Physical custody means where children will live at what times. (2) Legal custody means how the parents will make decisions about their children's lives. The term sole custody means that one parent has both physical and legal custody of the children. In joint custody, both parents have legal or physical custody or both.
Answer to Question 2
When patients were released from mental hospitals because of deinstitutionalizat ion, many had mental health needs that were not met, and large numbers became homeless and indigent. The libertarian values behind deinstitutionalizat ion came into question in the 1990s as concerns arose around (1) treating severely disturbed patients who lack insight into their conditions and (2) protecting the public from the violently mentally ill. Outpatient commitment is mandatory, court-ordered treatment, such as therapy or medication, that takes place in the community rather than through institutionalizatio n. Outpatient commitment orders must be based on the same legal standards as inpatient commitment, i.e. dangerousness and (in some states) inability to care for self. Outpatient treatment of sufficient length reduces the rate of subsequent hospitalization; thus, the coercive procedure can help the seriously mentally ill to receive help in a less restrictive environment