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Cancer has been around as long as humankind, but only in the second half of the twentieth century did the number of cancer cases explode.
Cocaine was isolated in 1860 and first used as a local anesthetic in 1884. Its first clinical use was by Sigmund Freud to wean a patient from morphine addiction. The fictional character Sherlock Holmes was supposed to be addicted to cocaine by injection.
Approximately 15–25% of recognized pregnancies end in miscarriage. However, many miscarriages often occur before a woman even knows she is pregnant.
Oxytocin is recommended only for pregnancies that have a medical reason for inducing labor (such as eclampsia) and is not recommended for elective procedures or for making the birthing process more convenient.
Sildenafil (Viagra®) has two actions that may be of consequence in patients with heart disease. It can lower the blood pressure, and it can interact with nitrates. It should never be used in patients who are taking nitrates.
![(A) Each bronchiole terminates in an alveolar sac, a group of alveoli; (B) alveoli encased by networ](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_14755_10_09_12_7_13_31_84891921.jpeg)
![A blood smear. The smear reveals representative cells from each formed element group: red blood cell](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_14755_11_11_12_7_18_43_100341996.jpeg)