Answer to Question 1
Studies may use placebo controls such as a group that engages in stretching rather aerobic exercise or that receives placebo pills. Placebo pills are inert pills that control for expectancy effects since participants believe these pills may contain active medicinal ingredients.
Answer to Question 2
The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) notes that resistance training does not facilitate weight loss, but it does reduce health risk by increasing muscle mass and reducing fat mass. Thus, more fat is lost but more muscle mass is gained resulting in a stronger and healthier person who may experience no net weight loss. In addition, because even during rest muscle burns far more calories than fat, strength training can produce as much as a 15 greater metabolic rate making it easier to lose weight on dietary weight loss plans.
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