Answer to Question 1
From an evolutionary perspective, optimal mating strategies are those that best promote
the conception, birth, and subsequent reproduction of offspring. Although the goal is the
same for men and womento ensure the survival of their genes in future generations
the optimal strategies for achieving this goal are different. Because men are
potentially able to produce a large number of offspring, their optimal strategy is to
inseminate many different women selected for their reproductive capacity. And
because women who are young and healthy are perceived as having the highest
reproductive capacity, it is in the best interest of men to be concerned about the age
and health of women. From an evolutionary perspective, this is why men are
particularly interested in women's physical appearance. Women, in contrast, are
biologically more limited in terms of the number of offspring they can produce. The
optimal strategy for women, therefore, is to maximize the chances that the offspring
they do have will survive and have offspring of their own. And these chances are
improved when women select mates who can provide the resources necessary to
ensure both their well-being and that of their children. According to the evolutionary
perspective, this is why women value the socio economic status of men.
Answer to Question 2
d
Taxonomic and evolutionary groupings leading to the jaguar
The wild radish, Raphanus sativus, has become a model for studying the mating behaviour of plants.
The brains of animals of different evolutionary ages
Northern Elephant Seals mating (Mirounga angustirostris)
One generation of random mating produces Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium