Answer to Question 1
B
Cardiac output is decreased as a result of the slowed heart rate and weaker cardiac contractions. This is not usually a noticeable problem unless older persons are exposed to stressors that exceed their reserves. Responses A, C, and D are incorrect. The aging heart is slower and weaker, the valves become thickened and more rigid, and blood vessels thicken and become less elastic.
Answer to Question 2
D
One physiological theory of aging focuses on genetics, stating that people are born with a genetic program that predetermines life span. Another focuses on a person's nutrition during his or her life span, and yet another focuses on the fact that all fine-tuned machineryand that includes body partswear out or become less effective as they are repeatedly used. Response Dpersonalityis incorrect because it does not relate directly to a physiological factor.
Posterior view of the Heart, outlining the major arteries
Normal lab values
Immune System Concept Map
Procedures and Diagnostic Tests Related to the Cardiovascular System
The respiratory system.
Female Reproductive System