An adult patient who experiences angina pectoris with exertion is ...

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An adult patient who experiences angina pectoris with exertion is informed by the nurse that the leading cause of angina is what?
 
  A) Smoking
  B) Inadequate cardiac output
  C) Infarction of the myocardium
  D) Coronary atherosclerosis

Question 2

Nutrients absorbed from the small intestine travel directly to the liver via what system?
 
  A) Mesenteric system
  B) Splenic system
  C) Arterial system
  D) Portal system

[dpost18]

Answer to Question 1

D
Feedback:
The person with atherosclerosis has a classic supply-and-demand problem. The heart may function without a problem until increases in activity or other stresses place a demand on it to beat faster or harder. Normally, the heart would stimulate the vessels to deliver more blood when this occurs, but the narrowed vessels are not able to respond and cannot supply the blood needed by the working heart. The heart muscle then becomes hypoxic. This imbalance between oxygen supply and demand is manifested as pain, or angina pectoris, which literally means suffocation of the chest. Atherosclerosis of the coronary artery can block the coronary artery completely leading to infarction. Smoking causes further vasoconstriction, increasing risk of myocardial infarction or angina. Damage to the heart muscle causes a decrease in cardiac output.

Answer to Question 2

D
Feedback:
The portal system drains the entire lower GI tract, where absorption occurs, and delivers what is absorbed into the venous system directly to the liver. The other options are distractors for this question.

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