Anatomy

REM sleep refers to rapid eye movement.

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PERLA stands for pupils, equal, rotating to the light, and accommodating.

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The lens is located behind the pupil.

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Ciliary muscles surround the lens in the eye.

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The innermost layer of the eye is the cornea.

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Photopigments cause chemical changes when light hits them.

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Rods are active in dim light.

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The vitreous humor is watery.

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Tears act as an antiseptic to decrease germs on the eyeball.

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Lacrimal glands are endocrine glands.

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Sound conduction occurs when the middle ear amplifies the sound through the respective ossicles.

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A sound is carried from the ear to the brain by the optic nerve.

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The bones in the middle ear are called ossicles.

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The sense of smell is called gustatory.

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The malleus is the outer ear.

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Clinically, ________ can occur because of chronic exposure to loud noises, Mnire disease, some ...

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________ can be either partial or complete and is caused by a variety of conditions, ranging from ...

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________ is a chronic condition that affects the labyrinth and leads to progressive hearing loss and vertigo.

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________ is an inflammation of the inner ear and is usually caused by infections.

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If left untreated, otitis media can cause a perforation of the ________ or eardrum.

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________ is frequently associated with an upper respiratory infection such as the common cold.

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________ is an acute infection of the middle ear, commonly caused by a bacteria or virus, and is ...

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________ is an infection of the ears caused by bacteria and fungi.

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________ is the degeneration of the retina, which can cause difficulty seeing at night or in dim light.

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________ is the reduction or loss of central vision in which the peripheral vision is unaffected.

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