Answer to Question 1
Leaders often are appointed, but committed and involved members of democratic groups share the role (e.g., as gatekeeper).
Answer to Question 2
Three main leadership styles are the core of the three-dimension theory of leadership. Authoritarian leaders are central authority figures who retain significant control and power over followers, make decisions, and use one-way communication. Democratic leaders make joint decisions with their followers, jointly determine a course of action, and use two-way communication. Laissez-faire leaders are not involved in the group's decision making, with team members making work assignments and evaluating task completion.