A 70-year-old male with chronic renal failure presents with ...

[biggirl4568]

A 70-year-old male with chronic renal failure presents with edema. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this condition?
 
  a. Increased capillary oncotic pressure.
  b. Decreased interstitial oncotic pressure.
  c. Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure.
  d. Increased interstitial hydrostatic pressure.

Question 2

A 10-year-old male is brought to the emergency room (ER) incoherent and semiconscious. CT scan reveals that he is suffering from cerebral edema. This type of edema is referred to as:
 
  a. localized edema.
  b. generalized edema.
  c. pitting edema.
  d. lymphedema.

[sailorcrescent]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure would facilitate increased movement from the capillary to the interstitial space, leading to edema. Increased capillary (plasma) oncotic pressure attracts water from the interstitial space back into the capillary. Decreased interstitial oncotic pressure would keep water in the capillary. Increased interstitial hydrostatic pressure would facilitate in-creased water movement from the interstitial space into the capillary.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
Cerebral edema is a form of localized edema. Generalized edema is manifested by a more uni-form distribution of fluid in interstitial spaces. When pressure is applied, pitting edema results in an indention in the skin. Lymphedema is due to swelling in interstitial spaces, primarily in the ex-tremities.

[biggirl4568]

Wow, this really help

[sultansheikh]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it