Author Question: Following a meal, a woman's blood glucose level has increased. In addition, her pancreas has ... (Read 143 times)

beccaep · **on:** Jun 25, 2018

Following a meal, a woman's blood glucose level has increased. In addition, her pancreas has increased the amount of insulin produced and released. Which of the following phenomena has occurred?

A)
Increased hormone level according to a negative feedback mechanism
B)
Adjustment according to the level of the substance a hormone regulates
C)
Hormone production and release via the positive feedback cycle
D)
Hypothalamic-pituitary control of hormone levels

Question 2

For several years, a 39-year-old female has been averaging two to three bottles of wine each night after her children go to sleep and has included several ounces of brandy in recent years as well.

Despite negative consequences to her career and the dissolution of her marriage, her drinking has culminated in a diagnosis of cirrhosis. Which of the following physical manifestations of the health problem would her care team anticipate? Select all that apply.
A)
Ascites
B)
Anorexia
C)
Fever
D)
Bleeding tendencies
E)
Epigastric pain
F)
Obesity

chereeb · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 25, 2018

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
B

Feedback:

The level of some hormones is adjusted according to the amount of the substance that they control. In this case, insulin controls glucose levels and would increase in response to the increase in serum glucose that follows a meal. This differs from a negative feedback cycle in which a simple decrease in a hormone level stimulates production and/or release of that hormone. Positive feedback and hypothalamic-pituitary control are not evident in this situation.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
A, B, D, E

Feedback:

Ascites, anorexia, bleeding tendencies due to neurological effects, and epigastric pain are common accompaniments to cirrhosis. Ascites occurs when the amount of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is increased and is a late-stage manifestation of cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Epigastric pain is caused by liver enlargement or peritonitis. The peritoneal fluid is seeded with bacteria from the blood or lymph or from passage of bacteria through the bowel wall. Because factors V, VII, IX, and X, prothrombin, and fibrinogen are synthesized by the liver, their decline in liver disease contributes to bleeding tendencies. Fever and obesity would be less likely to exist, as the pathology is not infectious in nature and malnutrition and impaired food metabolism are common.