|
|
In most climates, 8 to 10 glasses of water per day is recommended for adults. The best indicator for adequate fluid intake is frequent, clear urination.
When blood is exposed to air, it clots. Heparin allows the blood to come in direct contact with air without clotting.
An identified risk factor for osteoporosis is the intake of excessive amounts of vitamin A. Dietary intake of approximately double the recommended daily amount of vitamin A, by women, has been shown to reduce bone mineral density and increase the chances for hip fractures compared with women who consumed the recommended daily amount (or less) of vitamin A.
Hippocrates noted that blood separates into four differently colored liquids when removed from the body and examined: a pure red liquid mixed with white liquid material with a yellow-colored froth at the top and a black substance that settles underneath; he named these the four humors (for blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile).
The first oral chemotherapy drug for colon cancer was approved by FDA in 2001.
![Lumbar puncture. Abbreviated LP, the lumbar puncture is a common procedure that withdraws cerebrospi](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_14755_14_10_12_6_49_35_94142278.jpeg)
![Vasectomy. (a) Vas deferens is located within the spermatic cord on both sides. (b) A small incision](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_14755_16_10_12_12_27_39_94332233.jpeg)