Author Question: Spina bifida is a disorder that is associated with a headache syndrome caused by: A. Chiari ... (Read 81 times)

Ebrown

  • Hero Member
  • *****
  • Posts: 567
Spina bifida is a disorder that is associated with a headache syndrome caused by:
 
  A. Chiari malformation
  B. Normal pressure hydrocephalus
  C. Meningioma
  D. Temporal arteritis

Question 2

In order to test abstract thought on the mental status exam, the clinician can ask:
 
  A. Count by serial 7's backward
  B. Spell the word world backward
  C. Draw a clock that shows 2:30
  D. How is your brother-in-law related to you?



SVictor

  • Sr. Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 365
Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
Chiari malformations are brainstem malformations. There are three types of Chiari malfunction. Chiari type I is most often associated with occipital headaches and generally seen in the adult population but can be diagnosed at any age. Type I symptoms may be very vague and transient, and it is often misdiagnosed as another neurological disease. Type II is generally diagnosed in infants or children and is associated with myelomeningocele or other open neural tube defects or in adults with undiagnosed spina bifida occulta or tethered cord. Type III malformation is rare, diagnosed in infants, associated with cervical myelomeningocele or pseudomeningocele, and carries a very poor prognosis.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D
Rationale: Box 15.1 Mental Status Components
OrientationThe patient should normally be aware of person, date, and place. Ask the patient his or her full name, current date, and place in which the examination is being done.
MemoryRecent and remote memory should normally be intact. Ask what the patient had for lunch yesterday (recent) and where he or she graduated from elementary school (remote).
Fund of knowledge (take into consideration the patient's level of education)Ask about any recent news events or significant upcoming or past holiday.
Attention spanAbility to focus on the interviewer without being easily distracted. Ask the patient to repeat a short list of numbers (e.g., 7-8-9-3-0-2). Inability to repeat six or more numbers indicates attention deficit.
ConcentrationAbilit y to concentrate on a question or task. Ask the patient to remember three unrelated words (red, happy, and five) and then to repeat them in 5 minutes, or ask the patient to count backward from 100 by 7.
LanguageUse and understanding of language. Ask the patient to write a full sentence or to spell world backward. Distinguish between dysphonias and dysarthrias, as these indicate mechanical disturbances often due to CN dysfunction. Assess fluency of speech by asking the patient to repeat no ifs, ands, or buts about it. Dysfluent speech is Broca's aphasia. Speech that is devoid of content indicates Wernicke's aphasia.
Abstract thoughtsAsk the patient to interpret a common proverb (e.g., a stitch in time saves nine), or ask the patient to answer an abstract question (e.g., Is my sister's brother a man or a woman?).



Related Topics

Need homework help now?

Ask unlimited questions for free

Ask a Question
 

Did you know?

Throughout history, plants containing cardiac steroids have been used as heart drugs and as poisons (e.g., in arrows used in combat), emetics, and diuretics.

Did you know?

Hippocrates noted that blood separates into four differently colored liquids when removed from the body and examined: a pure red liquid mixed with white liquid material with a yellow-colored froth at the top and a black substance that settles underneath; he named these the four humors (for blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile).

Did you know?

Before a vaccine is licensed in the USA, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reviews it for safety and effectiveness. The CDC then reviews all studies again, as well as the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Academy of Family Physicians. Every lot of vaccine is tested before administration to the public, and the FDA regularly inspects vaccine manufacturers' facilities.

Did you know?

Though Candida and Aspergillus species are the most common fungal pathogens causing invasive fungal disease in the immunocompromised, infections due to previously uncommon hyaline and dematiaceous filamentous fungi are occurring more often today. Rare fungal infections, once accurately diagnosed, may require surgical debridement, immunotherapy, and newer antifungals used singly or in combination with older antifungals, on a case-by-case basis.

Did you know?

There used to be a metric calendar, as well as metric clocks. The metric calendar, or "French Republican Calendar" divided the year into 12 months, but each month was divided into three 10-day weeks. Each day had 10 decimal hours. Each hour had 100 decimal minutes. Due to lack of popularity, the metric clocks and calendars were ended in 1795, three years after they had been first marketed.

For a complete list of videos, visit our video library