While the patient's fullthickness burn wounds to the face are ...

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While the patient's fullthickness burn wounds to the face are exposed, what is the best nursing action to prevent cross contamination?
 
  a. Use sterile gloves when removing old dressings.
  b. Wear gowns, caps, masks, and gloves during all care of the patient.
  c. Administer IV antibiotics to prevent bacterial colonization of wounds.
  d. Turn the room temperature up to at least 70 F (20 C) during dressing changes.

Question 2

A patient with severe burns has crystalloid fluid replacement ordered using the Parkland formula. The initial volume of fluid to be administered in the first 24 hours is 30,000 mL. The initial rate of administration is 1875 mL/hr.
 
  After the first 8 hours, what rate should the nurse infuse the IV fluids?
  a. 350 mL/hour
  b. 523 mL/hour
  c. 938 mL/hour
  d. 1250 mL/hour

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Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
Use of gowns, caps, masks, and gloves during all patient care will decrease the possibility of wound contamination for a patient whose burns are not covered. When removing contaminated dressings and washing the dirty wound, use nonsterile, disposable gloves. The room temperature should be kept at approximately 85 F for patients with open burn wounds to prevent shivering. Systemic antibiotics are not well absorbed into deep burns because of the lack of circulation.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
Half of the fluid replacement using the Parkland formula is administered in the first 8 hours and the other half over the next 16 hours. In this case, the patient should receive half of the initial rate, or 938 mL/hr.