Answer to Question 1
Correct Answer: 1
Contact dermatitis is a classic example of a type IV reaction. In the healthcare setting, an allergic response to latex can produce contact dermatitis. A reaction to a wasp sting is an example of a type I reaction. Serum sickness is an example of a type III reaction. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is an example of a type II reaction.
Answer to Question 2
Correct Answer: 1
Common hypersensitivity reactions, such as allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, hives, and anaphylactic shock, are typical of type I or IgE-mediated hypersensitivity. This type of hypersensitivity response is triggered when an allergen interacts with IgE bound to mast cells and basophils. The antigenantibody complex prompts the release of histamine and other chemical mediators, complement, acetylcholine, kinins, and chemotactic factors. When a potent allergen such as bee or wasp venom or a drug is injected that results in widespread antibodyantigen reaction and response to these chemical mediators, a systemic response such as anaphylaxis, urticaria, or angioedema occurs. A hemolytic transfusion reaction to blood of an incompatible type is characteristic of a type II or cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction. Type III hypersensitivity reactions result from the formation of IgG or IgM antibodyantigen immune complexes in the circulation, leading to tissue damage. Type IV delayed hypersensitivity reactions result from an exaggerated interaction between an antigen and normal cell-mediated mechanisms.
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