Author Question: Vasopressors are used cautiously with critical care patients because they can cause a. ... (Read 28 times)

danielfitts88 · **on:** Jun 25, 2018

Vasopressors are used cautiously with critical care patients because they can cause

a. vasoconstriction of the smooth muscles.
b. vasodilation of the smooth muscles.
c. increased afterload of the heart.
d. decreased preload of the heart.

Question 2

An oval pupil is indicative of

a. cortical dysfunction.
b. intracranial hypertension.
c. hydrocephalus.
d. metabolic coma.

guyanai · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 25, 2018

Answer to Question 1

C
Vasopressors are not widely used in the treatment of critically ill cardiac patients because the dramatic increase in afterload is taxing to a damaged heart. Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone, has become popular in the critical care setting for its vasoconstrictive effects. At higher doses, vasopressin directly stimulates V1 receptors in vascular smooth muscle, resulting in vasoconstriction of capillaries and small arterioles.

Answer to Question 2

B
Pupil shape is also noted in the assessment of pupils. Although the pupil is normally round, an irregularly shaped or oval pupil may be noted in patients with eye surgery. Initial stages of cranial nerve III compression from elevated intracranial pressure can also cause the pupil to have an oval shape.