A client's mean arterial pressure is 60 mm Hg and intracranial ...

[meagbuch]

A client's mean arterial pressure is 60 mm Hg and intracranial pressure is 20 mm Hg. Based on the client's cerebral perfusion pressure, what should the nurse anticipate for this client?
 
  a. Impending brain herniation
  b. Poor prognosis and cognitive function
  c. Probable complete recovery
  d. Unable to tell from this information

Question 2

A client with a stroke has damage to Broca's area. What intervention to promote communication is best for this client?
 
  a. Assess whether or not the client can write.
  b. Communicate using yes-or-no questions.
  c. Reinforce speech therapy exercises.
  d. Remind the client not to use neologisms.

[catron30]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
The cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) is the intracranial pressure subtracted from the mean arterial pressure: in this case, 60 - 20 = 40. For optimal outcomes, CPP should be at least 70 mm Hg. This client has very low CPP, which will probably lead to a poorer prognosis with significant cognitive dysfunction should the client survive. This data does not indicate impending brain herniation or complete recovery.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
Damage to Broca's area often leads to expressive aphasia, wherein the client can understand what is said but cannot express thoughts verbally. In some instances the client can write. The nurse should assess to see if that ability is intact. Yes-or-no questions are not good for this type of client because he or she will often answer automatically but incorrectly. Reinforcing speech therapy exercises is good for all clients with communication difficulties. Neologisms are made-up words often used by clients with sensory aphasia.

[meagbuch]

TYSM

[JaynaD87]

Excellent