In neonates, the number of protein-binding sites is limited. What ...

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In neonates, the number of protein-binding sites is limited. What is the danger of competitive medication binding?
 
  a. kernicterus or bilirubin encephalopathy
  b. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
  c. bilirubinuria
  d. xanthoendothelioma or pantanencephaly

Question 2

The leading causes of injury-related death for children aged 1 to 4 years is:
 
  a. choking and drowning
  b. fires and burns
  c. fires and neglect
  d. drowning and motor vehicle occupant injury

[cswans24]

Answer to Question 1

A

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A Correct. In neonates, the number of protein-binding sites is limited. Consequently, competitive drug binding may lead to increased concentrations of unbound, unconjugated bilirubin leading to Kernicterus or bilirubin encephalopathy. Lower drug doses or higher levels of endogenous substances, such as free fatty acids, bilirubin, or steroids to provide increase binding potential are indicated.
B Incorrect. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is the coexistence of Wernicke's encephalopathy (inflammatory, hemorrhagic, degeneration of the brain) and Korsakoff's psychosis (a form of amnesia often seen in chronic alcoholics), totally unrelated to the danger of competitive medication binding in the neonate.
C Incorrect. Bilirubinuria is the presence of bilirubin in the urine, may be present as a symptom, but is not the primary danger of competitive medication binding.
D Incorrect. Xanthoendothelioma (yellow interior tumor, not actually real) or the pantanencephaly (congenital absence of all or nearly all brain tissue) have nothing to do with the danger of competitive medication binding.

Answer to Question 2

D

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A Incorrect: Choking is the leading cause of injury-related death in children under the age of 1; drowning is a leading cause of death over the age of 1.
B Incorrect: Fires and burns follow injury-related deaths by motor vehicle accident and deaths by drowning.
C Incorrect: Fires follow deaths by motor vehicle accident and deaths by drowning. Neglect can lead to death or injury by several means.
D Correct: As toddlers and young children become more mobile, they fall into swimming pools, lakes, and creeks as a result of poor adult supervision. Deaths for children from motor vehicle injuries is the greatest between the ages of 5 to 14.

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