Answer to Question 1
B
Answer to Question 2
1, 3, 4, 5
Explanation: 1. The physiologic alterations of RDS can produce hypoxia as a complication. As a result of hypoxia, the pulmonary vasculature constricts, pulmonary vascular resistance increases, and pulmonary blood flow is reduced.
3. The physiologic alterations of RDS can produce metabolic acidosis as a complication. Because cells lack oxygen, the newborn begins an anaerobic pathway of metabolism, with an increase in lactate levels and a resulting base deficit.
4. The physiologic alterations of RDS can produce massive atelectasis as a complication. Upon expiration, the instability increases the atelectasis, which causes hypoxia and acidosis because of the lack of gas exchange.
5. The physiologic alterations of RDS can produce pulmonary edema as a complication. Opacification of the lungs on X-ray image may be due to massive atelectasis, diffuse alveolar infiltrate, or pulmonary edema.