What is characteristic of the immune-mediated type 1 diabetes ...

[stevenposner]

What is characteristic of the immune-mediated type 1 diabetes mellitus?
 
  a. Ketoacidosis is infrequent.
  b. Onset is gradual.
  c. Age at onset is usually younger than 18 years.
  d. Oral agents are often effective for treatment.

Question 2

A neonate born with ambiguous genitalia is diagnosed with congenital adrenogenital hyperplasia. Therapeutic management includes administration of:
 
  a. Vitamin D. c. Stool softeners.
  b. Cortisone. d. Calcium carbonate.

[fur]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
The immune-mediated type 1 diabetes mellitus typically has its onset in children or young adults. Peak incidence is between the ages of 10 and 15 years. Infrequent ketoacidosis, gradual onset, and treatment with oral agents are more consistent with type 2 diabetes.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
The most common biochemical defect with congenital adrenal hyperplasia is partial or complete 21-hydroxylase deficiency. With complete deficiency, insufficient amounts of aldosterone and cortisol are produced, so circulatory collapse occurs without immediate replacement. Vitamin D, stool softeners, and calcium carbonate have no role in the therapy of adrenogenital hyperplasia.