Despite warnings, prenatal exposure to alcohol continues to ...

[CQXA]

Despite warnings, prenatal exposure to alcohol continues to exceed by far exposure to illicit drugs. A diagnosis of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is made when there are visible markers in each of three categories.
 
  Which is category is not associated with a diagnosis of FAS?
  a. Respiratory conditions c. CNS abnormality
  b. Impaired growth d. Craniofacial dysmorphologies

Question 2

As a girl progresses through development, she may be at risk for a number of age-related conditions.
 
  While preparing a 21-year-old client for her first adult physical examination and Papanicolaou (Pap) test, the nurse is aware of excessiveness shyness. The young woman states that she will not remove her bra because, There is something wrong with my breasts; one is way bigger. What is the best response by the nurse in this situation?
  a. Please reschedule your appointment until you are more prepared.
  b. It is okay; the provider will not do a breast examination.
  c. I will explain normal growth and breast development to you.
  d. That is unfortunate; this must be very stressful for you.

[sylvia]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
Respiratory difficulties are not a category of conditions that are related to FAS. Abnormalities related to FAS include organ deformities, genital malformations, and kidney and urinary defects. Impaired growth is a visible marker for FAS. CNS abnormalities with neurologic and intellectual impairments are categories used to assist in the diagnosis of FAS. An infant with FAS manifests at least two craniofacial abnormalities, such as microcephaly, short palpebral fissures, poorly developed philtrum, thin upper lip, or flattening of the maxilla.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
During adolescence, one breast may grow faster than the other. Discussion regarding this aspect of growth and development with the patient will reassure her that there may be nothing wrong with her breasts. Young women usually enter the health system for screening (Pap tests begin at age 21 or 3 years after first sexual activity). Situations such as these can produce great stress for the young woman, and the nurse and health care provider should treat her carefully. Asking her to reschedule would likely result in the client's not returning for her appointment at all. A breast examination at her age is part of the complete physical examination. Young women should be taught about normal breast development and begin doing breast self-examinations. Although the last response shows empathy on the part of the nurse and acknowledges the patient's stress, it does not correct the patient's deficient knowledge related to normal growth and development.

[CQXA]

TYSM

[marict]

Excellent