A patient diagnosed with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOS) asks ...

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A patient diagnosed with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOS) asks her nurse why her treatment regimen includes spironolactone (Aldactone). How should the nurse respond?
 
  1. Spironolactone may be used to decrease symptoms associated with PCOS, such as excessive hair growth and acne.
  2. Menstrual irregularities related to polycystic ovarian disease are treated using spironolactone.
  3. Spironolactone is often used to reduce complications associated with PCOS, including rectocele.
  4. Condylomata acuminata, which are sometimes caused by polycystic ovarian disease, are treated with spironolactone.

Question 2

The patient has been diagnosed with endometriosis. She asks the nurse if there are any long-term health risks associated with this condition. The nurse should include which statement in the patient teaching about endometriosis?
 
  1. There are no other health risks associated with endometriosis.
  2. Pain with intercourse rarely occurs as a long-term problem.
  3. You are at increased risk for ovarian and breast cancer.
  4. Most women with this condition develop fibromyalgia.

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Answer to Question 1

Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Spironolactone may be used to treat symptoms of hyperandrogenism that are secondary to PCOS, including excessive hair growth and acne.
Rationale 2: Combined oral contraceptive (COC) or cyclic progesterone are used to treat menstrual irregularities associated with PCOS.
Rationale 3: A rectocele, which may develop when the posterior vaginal wall is weakened, is associated with pelvic relaxation.
Rationale 4: Condylomata acuminata, also called genital or venereal warts, is a sexually transmitted condition unrelated to PCOS.

Answer to Question 2

Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: There are long-term health risks associated with endometriosis, including increased risk for cancer of the ovary and breast, melanoma, non-Hodgkins lymphoma, and an increased incidence of fibromyalgia.
Rationale 2: Dyspareunia is a common symptom of endometriosis.
Rationale 3: An increased risk for cancer of the ovary and breast is associated with endometriosis.
Rationale 4: There is a risk of increased incidence of fibromyalgia.