Author Question: When the fetal shunt between the pulmonary artery and the aorta fails to close after birth, or ... (Read 53 times)

abarnes

  • Hero Member
  • *****
  • Posts: 556
When the fetal shunt between the pulmonary artery and the aorta fails to close after birth, or reopens after closure has occurred, it is known as:
 
  a. Congestive heart failure
  b. Patent ductus arteriosus
  c. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
  d. Intraventricular hemorrhage

Question 2

Prolonged periods of hyperoxygenation that cause retinal vasoconstriction are known as:
 
  a. Intraventricular hemorrhage
  b. Glaucoma
  c. Cataracts
  d. Retinopathy of prematurity



sierramartinez

  • Sr. Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 313
Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
The fetal shunt between the pulmonary artery and the aorta is the ductus arteriosus. Because of the underdeveloped musculature or hypoxia, there may be an incomplete closure of the ductus arteriosus (patent ductus arteriosus PDA) in the preterm newborn. When the ductus remains open, left-to-right shunting of the blood in the heart occurs because of the added load placed on the left ventricle of the heart. This results in pulmonary congestion and increased hypoxia.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D
Prolonged periods of hyperoxygenation (partial pressure of oxygen PaO2 levels greater than 90 to 100 mm Hg) can be dangerous to the newborn because the condition produces oxygen toxicity. Oxygen toxicity can cause vasoconstriction and leakage in the vessels of the retina and retinal detachment, resulting in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), previously called retrolental fibroplasia, which can lead to loss of vision or blindness.



Related Topics

Need homework help now?

Ask unlimited questions for free

Ask a Question
 

Did you know?

The tallest man ever known was Robert Wadlow, an American, who reached the height of 8 feet 11 inches. He died at age 26 years from an infection caused by the immense weight of his body (491 pounds) and the stress on his leg bones and muscles.

Did you know?

The ratio of hydrogen atoms to oxygen in water (H2O) is 2:1.

Did you know?

The average older adult in the United States takes five prescription drugs per day. Half of these drugs contain a sedative. Alcohol should therefore be avoided by most senior citizens because of the dangerous interactions between alcohol and sedatives.

Did you know?

Common abbreviations that cause medication errors include U (unit), mg (milligram), QD (every day), SC (subcutaneous), TIW (three times per week), D/C (discharge or discontinue), HS (at bedtime or "hours of sleep"), cc (cubic centimeters), and AU (each ear).

Did you know?

As of mid-2016, 18.2 million people were receiving advanced retroviral therapy (ART) worldwide. This represents between 43–50% of the 34–39.8 million people living with HIV.

For a complete list of videos, visit our video library