What explanation provides the rationale for why iron-deficiency ...

[future617RT]

What explanation provides the rationale for why iron-deficiency anemia is common during infancy?
 
  a. Cow's milk is a poor source of iron.
  b. Iron cannot be stored during fetal development.
  c. Fetal iron stores are depleted by 1 month of age.
  d. Dietary iron cannot be started until 12 months of age.

Question 2

An 8-year-old girl is receiving a blood transfusion when the nurse notes that she has developed precordial pain, dyspnea, distended neck veins, slight cyanosis, and a dry cough. These manifestations are most suggestive of what complication?
 
  a. Air embolism
  b. Allergic reaction
  c. Hemolytic reaction
  d. Circulatory overload

[krakiolit]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
Children between the ages of 12 and 36 months are at risk for anemia because cow's milk is a major component of their diet, and it is a poor source of iron. Iron is stored during fetal development, but the amount stored depends on maternal iron stores. Fetal iron stores are usually depleted by ages 5 to 6 months. Dietary iron can be introduced by breastfeeding, iron-fortified formula, and cereals during the first 12 months of life.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D
The signs of circulatory overload include distended neck veins, hypertension, crackles, a dry cough, cyanosis, and precordial pain. Signs of air embolism are sudden difficulty breathing, sharp pain in the chest, and apprehension. Urticaria, pruritus, flushing, asthmatic wheezing, and laryngeal edema are signs and symptoms of allergic reactions. Hemolytic reactions are characterized by chills, shaking, fever, pain at infusion site, nausea, vomiting, tightness in chest, flank pain, red or black urine, and progressive signs of shock and renal failure.