Answer to Question 1
ANS: D
During a normal daily routine, the child may be exposed to a variety of settings and to several people in a day-care center or while visiting extended family, visiting a physician's office, or in public places in the community. Understanding an infant's temperament is essential in the care of the child to help both the parent and child adapt to these experiences. Although the other options are certainly considerations, they are not nearly as important as assessing the child's temperament.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: B
Brazelton described touchpoints as periods during the first 3 years of life during which children's spurts in development resulted in pronounced disruption in the family system. The touchpoints perspective assumes, among other things, that parents know their children better than they know anyone else, and with that in mind, the nurse works with the family at the various touchpoints to help them anticipate and move through the periods of disequilibrium. Bowlby focuses on the impact of separation from mothers seen in infants. Erickson's theory focuses on the influence of social interaction on development. Freud's theory regards the impact of psychosexual instincts as most important in development.
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