Author Question: Under which conditions can researchers claim a causal inference? a. concomitant variation b. high ... (Read 89 times)

piesebel · **on:** Jun 29, 2018

Under which conditions can researchers claim a causal inference?
a. concomitant variation
b. high level of correlation between variables
c. time order of occurrence of variables
d. elimination of other possible causal factors
e. a, b, and c only
f. a, c, and d only
Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Question 2

The average deviation score is frequently used in business research studies.

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Eunice618 · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 29, 2018

Answer to Question 1

F
Causal inferences require establishing concomitant variation, time order of occurrence of variables, and elimination of other causal factors. A high level of correlation between variables does not necessarily imply causation.

Answer to Question 2

F
It is never used. Positive deviation scores are canceled out by negative scores, leaving an average deviation value of zero no matter how wide the spread may be.