Give three reasons why the U.S. economy is more stable since ...

[chandani]

Give three reasons why the U.S. economy is more stable since 1950.
 
  What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

What is deadweight loss? When is deadweight loss equal to zero?
 
  What will be an ideal response?

[lgoldst9]

Answer to Question 1

Any two of the following three reasons are correct.
First, our economy has changed over time in terms of the types of goods produced. We produce more services today and less goods than we did in the past. Manufacturing production used to account for 40 percent of GDP, now it accounts for 12 percent. Manufacturing production fluctuates more over the business cycle. Durable goods manufacturing is extremely volatile. GDP is relatively more stable because service production is more stable over the business cycle and we produce more services now.
Second, government safety-net programs such as unemployment insurance and Social Security give workers more income during recessions. These programs did not exist to the extent that they exist in the post-World War II U.S. economy. The extent of the downturn tends to be less severe as these workers who take advantage of these programs do not have to curtail their spending as much as they would if the programs did not exist. The additional spending may have the effect of shortening recessions since 1950.
Third, prior to 1930, the government did not pursue policies to shorten recessions or prolong expansions. After the Great Depression, public opinion changed towards favoring the government pursuing active policy. The government has actively implemented fiscal and monetary policies to smooth out the business cycle, shortening recessions and prolonging expansions. Many economists believe that these policies have stabilized the economy. However, it is not a settled issue as other economists disagree.

Answer to Question 2

Deadweight loss is the reduction in economic surplus resulting from a market not being in competitive equilibrium. Deadweight loss is equal to zero when the sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus is maximized, which occurs when the market is in competitive equilibrium.