P.W. Herman wants to know whether consumption of alcoholic beverages affects peoples' bicycling abilities. He suggeststhat the alcohol itself doesnt have any negative effects, but that people who drink alcohol expect to have their riding abilities impaired so they act drunk. To control for the participants' expectations, P.W. gives half of his sample vodka and the other half of his sample vodka-flavored water. P.W. is using a(n)____research method, and the vodka-flavored water is a ____.
a. naturalistic observation; confounding variable
b. survey; confounding variable
c. experimental; placebo
d. experimental; treatment variable
Question 2
An experimenter who conducts a study under highly controlled conditions often reduces the ____.
a. scientific value of the results
b. extent to which conclusions drawn from the results can be applied to other populations or situations
c. likelihood that the research hypothesis will be confirmed by the results
d. strength of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables
The structure of stomatal guard cells affects their function.
Relative Energy Consumption per Person for Selected Countries
Kente prestige cloth (detail), Ghana, Ewe peoples.
Standard Alcoholic Drink Sizes
Per capita consumption of power is high in the developed world and highest in the United States
Global energy consumption is rising rapidly