Answer to Question 1
D
In management by objectives, the employee and manager establish performance goals for the upcoming appraisal year. This process is difficult for evaluating the entry-level nurse. As the nurse develops and gains more experience, management by objectives may be helpful in defining goals and objectives for the next year and providing the manager with a specific set of goals to follow up with the individual at regular intervals.
Answer to Question 2
A
Organizational culture affects the quality of nursing care and patient outcomes. The manner in which staff perceives culture, manages boundaries, and translates values has an impact on patient care.