Answer to Question 1
B
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A Incorrect. The nurse validates the part of the message that is misunderstood for understanding.
B Correct. The nurse complicates communication with an elder who has aphasia by asking open-ended questions, because they can require a lengthy response that can be difficult for the elder to formulate.
C Incorrect. The nurse facilitates effective communication by presenting yes or no or single-word response questions to the elder, because it makes the elder's re-sponse easier to formulate.
D Incorrect. The nurse simplifies communication with an elder by asking one question at a time, waiting for a response, and asking additional questions as needed.
Answer to Question 2
A
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A Correct. The third most common chronic condition and the most common communication disorder among elders is hearing loss.
B Incorrect. Hypertension is not the third most common chronic condition of eld-ers in the United States.
C Incorrect. Visual impairments are not the third most common chronic condition of elders in the United States.
D Incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, although increasing in prevalence, is not the third most common chronic condition of elders in the United States.