Answer to Question 1
Importance a person places on certain things.
Popularity and peer pressure concerning health decisions.
Answer to Question 2
The researchers found that the silver medal winners tended to compare themselves up to the gold medal winners, thinking, If only I'd been a second faster, I'd be the best in the world. Now, I'm a loser.. The bronze medalists, on the other hand, tended to compare themselves to all the rest of the competitors. They were thrilled to be on the podium when they could easily have been just one of the many competitors.
How you feel depends upon what you say to yourself, especially when comparing yourself to others. When feeling stressed about how little money you have, or how your car is about to fall apart, think bronze and be thankful for what you have.