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Bacteria have flourished on the earth for over three billion years. They were the first life forms on the planet.
Anesthesia awareness is a potentially disturbing adverse effect wherein patients who have been paralyzed with muscle relaxants may awaken. They may be aware of their surroundings but unable to communicate or move. Neurologic monitoring equipment that helps to more closely check the patient's anesthesia stages is now available to avoid the occurrence of anesthesia awareness.
Throughout history, plants containing cardiac steroids have been used as heart drugs and as poisons (e.g., in arrows used in combat), emetics, and diuretics.
Colchicine is a highly poisonous alkaloid originally extracted from a type of saffron plant that is used mainly to treat gout.
Multiple experimental evidences have confirmed that at the molecular level, cancer is caused by lesions in cellular DNA.
![Daily changes in photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation gene expression in Synechococcus cultures isol](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_33_15_07_11_12_17_00.jpeg)
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