Answer to Question 1
B
Answer to Question 2
First, rural-to-urban migration is an important trend. Second, many people are migrating within and into the region to take low wage jobs in some of the wealthier oil-rich countries, like Saudi Arabia. Finally, other residents are migrating outside the region, including more than 2 million guest workers who have migrated to Germany. Typical push-pull factors are responsible for these migratory paths.