Acetylcholine stimulates M3 receptors on airway smooth muscle, causing which of the following?
a. Bronchodilation
b. Bronchoconstriction
c. Decrease in mucous gland secretion
d. There are no M3 receptors in the airway.
Question 2
Which of the following statements regarding ipratropium bromide are true? 1. It is a first-line choice of bronchodilator for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 2. It can be combined with a agonist for maintenance bronchodilation in COPD.
3. It is added to a agonist in severe asthma episodes that do not respond to a agonist alone.
4. It is a leukotriene modifier used to treat step 3 asthma.
a. 1 and 4 only
b. 2 and 4 only
c. 1, 2, and 4 only
d. 1, 2, and 3 only