Which of the following studies is best for showing the first variable produces a change in the second variable?
a. A researcher asks people who are entering the grocery store how hungry they are and then asks them how much they spent on food as they leave the store.
b. A researcher has participants sleep various amounts of hours and then observes how cranky they are.
c. A researcher asks participants how well they like to think and how many books they have read in the last 6 months.
d. A researcher asks participants how many hours per week they listened to Beethoven while growing up and then gives them a math ability test.
Question 2
Suppose you are interested in how participants perform under different temperature conditions. You select 30 participants and assign them to work in one of three rooms. The rooms differ only with respect to temperature. You instruct all participants to solve the same jigsaw puzzle, and then you measure how long it takes each one to finish. In this research, the experimenter is investigating whether
a. participants can solve a jigsaw puzzle in different rooms.
b. participants can solve a jigsaw puzzle under different temperature conditions.
c. the time required to solve a jigsaw puzzle depends on temperature.
d. temperature depends on the time required to solve a jigsaw puzzle.
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