Answer to Question 1
A, C, E
Cutaneous stimulation of the skin helps to relieve pain. A massage, warm bath, ice bag, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) are simple ways to reduce pain perception. How cutaneous stimulation works is unclear, but it may cause release of endorphins, thus blocking transmission of painful stimuli. NSAIDs are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that can help relieve chronic back pain through pharmaceutical therapy. Yoga is used as a diversional or holistic therapy.
Answer to Question 2
A, C, D
One simple way to promote comfort is to remove or prevent painful stimuli. For example, tighten and smooth wrinkled bed linen and be sure to position patients off tubing and other equipment. Change wet dressings or bed linen immediately. Removing noxious stimuli is especially important for patients who are immobile. You can prevent pain by anticipating painful activities (e.g., ambulation, turning). Before performing a procedure, consider the patient's condition, aspects of the procedure that are painful, and ways to avoid causing pain. Always use an established pain scale to promote accurate assessment of pain.
Bronchoscopy. Figure illustrates physician using a bronchoscope to inspect the patient’s bronchial t
Mechanical ventilation. The photograph shows a patient receiving breathing assistance by the use of
The medical assistant often has to reassure and comfort the patient before effective communication c
Algorithm for assessing a patient at risk for suicide.
Lightning Casualties in the United States by Location or Activity