A client tells the nurse about passing out after following a ...

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A client tells the nurse about passing out after following a fasting diet for 5 days. Which acid-base imbalance would the nurse expect to assess in this client?
 
  1. Respiratory acidosis
  2. Respiratory alkalosis
  3. Metabolic acidosis
  4. Metabolic alkalosis

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV therapy at a rate of 10 mL/hour. The 500-mL IV bottle was hung at 0900 Monday morning when the IV catheter was initiated. It is now 0900 on Tuesday morning.
 
  nursing action should be taken?
  1. Refigure the rate of the IV.
  2. Infuse the remaining IV fluid before hanging a new bag.
  3. Discard the remaining IV fluid and hang a new bag.
  4. Discontinue the IV site and restart an IV in the opposite hand.

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Answer to Question 1

Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Starvation would not result in respiratory acidosis.
Rationale 2: Starvation would not result in respiratory alkalosis.
Rationale 3: A client who is fasting is at risk for development of metabolic acidosis. The body recognizes fasting as starvation and begins to metabolize its own proteins into ketones, which are metabolic acids.
Rationale 4: Starvation would not result in metabolic alkalosis.

Answer to Question 2

Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: There is no need to refigure the rate of the IV.
Rationale 2: The nurse should not infuse the remaining IV fluid before hanging a new bag.
Rationale 3: The remaining IV fluid should be discarded and a new bag hung. IV fluid should be changed every 24 hours, regardless of how much solution remains. This helps to minimize the risk of contamination.
Rationale 4: There is no need to restart the IV in the opposite hand.