Author Question: A client is being treated for cocaine and amphetamine abuse. The nurse realizes that the client's ... (Read 45 times)

jhjkgdfhk · **on:** Jul 23, 2018

A client is being treated for cocaine and amphetamine abuse. The nurse realizes that the client's symptoms are caused by which actions of these substances on the central nervous system?

Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Stimulate the release of norepinephrine on the presynaptic neuron
2. Inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft back to the presynaptic neuron
3. Inhibit the destruction of norepinephrine by the enzyme monoamine oxidase
4. Inhibit alpha1 receptors
5. Stimulate beta2 receptors

Question 2

A client is given ephedrine (Efedron) for bronchial asthma. The nurse should ask the client to report which effect of this drug?

1. Drowsiness
2. Palpitations
3. Excessive vomiting
4. Increased appetite

leannegxo · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 23, 2018

Answer to Question 1

Correct Answer: 1,2
Rationale 1: This is a mechanism of action of amphetamines.
Rationale 2: This is a mechanism of action for cocaine.
Rationale 3: This is not a mechanism of action for either cocaine or amphetamines.
Rationale 4: This is not a mechanism of action for either cocaine or amphetamines.
Rationale 5: This is not a mechanism of action for either cocaine or amphetamines.
Global Rationale: Stimulating the release of norepinephrine on the presynaptic neuron is the mechanism of action for amphetamines. Inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft back to the presynaptic neuron is the mechanisms of action for cocaine. The other statements do not indicate a mechanism of action for either cocaine or amphetamines.

Answer to Question 2

Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: Ephedrine, when given orally, is readily absorbed from the GI tract and crosses the blood brainbarrier. It exhibits prominent stimulatory effects in the brain, keeping the patient alert and awake.
Rationale 2: Ephedrine can be used in bronchial asthma because of beta-2 receptor stimulation. It also stimulates beta-1 and alpha receptors, which causes cardiac side effects.
Rationale 3: Ephedrine does not cause excessive vomiting.
Rationale 4: Ephedrine does not cause increased appetite.
Global Rationale: Ephedrine can be used in bronchial asthma because of beta-2 receptor stimulation. It also stimulates beta-1 and alpha receptors, which causes cardiac side effects. Ephedrine, when given orally, is readily absorbed from the GI tract and crosses the blood brainbarrier. It exhibits prominent stimulatory effects in the brain, keeping the patient alert and awake. Ephedrine does not cause excessive vomiting or an increase in appetite.