Answer to Question 1
A, C, D
Conditions that increase the patient's risk for aspiration include enteral feeding tubes or other nasal or oral gastric tubes, a decreased level of consciousness, and a decreased swallowing ability.
Answer to Question 2
C
It is important to assess the patient's acceptable level of comfort so that both you and the patient are striving for the same outcome. Some patients with prior pain conditions can alert the nurse to pain-relieving measures that were successful. Patients with chronic/persistent pain are often familiar with the names and actions of medications, including opioid medications. This should not cause you to view the patient negatively or with suspicion. Patients currently receiving opioids for chronic pain often require higher doses of analgesics to alleviate new pain. Do not accept that there is nothing that will help this patient's pain. Learn the institutional policy for how to proceed in this situation.