Answer to Question 1
ANSWER:
Al-Shaghal is performed by a takht ensemble including the instruments, ud, violin, qanun, nay, buzuq, and riqq Al-Shaghal is in the musical mode or maqam Bayyati. The scale of maqam Bayyati includes a neutral tone or half flat on the second degree, and sometimes on the sixth degree as well. Al-haghal is in the rhythmic mode wahdah, which can be played with many variations. The aesthetic of tarab involves inspiring and inspired performance. Audience members confirm and encourage inspired playing by the musicians. Each musician in the ensemble has an opportunity to improvise a taqasim or improvisation over a rhythmic and melodic vamp or an ostinato pattern played by the other members in the ensemble. The taqasim on the instrument, buzuq performed by A. J. Racy is described in the chapter.
Answer to Question 2
ANSWER:
Answers will vary.
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